Reply
 
LinkBack Thread Tools Display Modes

Old 05-22-2005, 05:00 PM   #26 (permalink)
Tribe Founder
 
Join Date: Jun 2004
Location: Central TX
My Mood:
iTrader: (19)
Janice has a reputation beyond reputeJanice has a reputation beyond reputeJanice has a reputation beyond reputeJanice has a reputation beyond reputeJanice has a reputation beyond reputeJanice has a reputation beyond reputeJanice has a reputation beyond reputeJanice has a reputation beyond reputeJanice has a reputation beyond reputeJanice has a reputation beyond reputeJanice has a reputation beyond repute
Thanks: 3,834
Thanked 12,066 Times in 1,816 Posts


 
Fix + is not an adhesive or a product to make your makeup stay on longer.

It's a refresher, toner, sort of spray. One of it's benefits is helping your makeup look less powdery.

From the MAC website:

Quote:
Liquid refreshment for the skin. A vitamin-rich pick-up for the skin - and a perfect finishing "fix" for makeup. Spray it on. Sets makeup. Wakes up the skin! Alcohol-free. Herb-infused. Shot with caffeine. One smart tonic. For a fresh finish to a look, apply over moisturizer and under foundation. Use over powder for a soft "set" finish. Non-irritating: skin calming. Botanically formulated. Naturally aromatic. Skin-quenching. Does the skin good. Let the skin drink it up!

__________________
Purchase a premium member subscription today and through it support site upgrades and maintenance.
Common question FAQ, please look here for an answer before sending a PM!
If you PM and I don't get back to you, I'm sorry. It's hard to keep up sometimes. Feel free to PM anyone under the Moderators section of the list.


My status
Reply With Quote
The Following User Says Thank You to Janice For This Useful Post:
Old 05-24-2005, 05:20 PM   #27 (permalink)
That MakeUp Girl
Valued Member
 
FacesbyNiki's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jan 2005
Location: Maryland, USA
My Mood:
iTrader: (0)
FacesbyNiki wants you to show them some love!FacesbyNiki wants you to show them some love!FacesbyNiki wants you to show them some love!FacesbyNiki wants you to show them some love!FacesbyNiki wants you to show them some love!FacesbyNiki wants you to show them some love!FacesbyNiki wants you to show them some love!FacesbyNiki wants you to show them some love!FacesbyNiki wants you to show them some love!FacesbyNiki wants you to show them some love!FacesbyNiki wants you to show them some love!
Thanks: 736
Thanked 608 Times in 247 Posts


 
It refreshes my skin.

__________________
"It's pure fun to let go and play with makeup."
`Pat McGrath - Allure Magazine November 2007
Reply With Quote
Old 05-26-2005, 09:13 AM   #28 (permalink)
Specktra Neophyte
Just Arrived
 
Join Date: May 2005
Location: SW Ontario
iTrader: (0)
siren has disabled reputation
Thanks: 0
Thanked 6 Times in 1 Post


 
Fix+ is exactly that, a moisturinzing, toneing and refreshing spray that sets makeup to a dewier finish. If you spray it onto your 190 foundation brush, it really makes your liquid application flawless and it adheres a bit better to the skin in my opinion. As for making sure your eye makeup stays on, I would imagine using a paint would be far better than hairspray...especially if you dont like the idea of sticky residue and the possibility of damaging your eyes. Depending on your skin tone, MAC has some nice neutral paint colours....they are a cream that dries to a powder finish...i never, ever go without a paint underneath my shadow...they make the colour much more vibrant and eliminate creasing and the tendency of powder shadows dissapearing as the day wears on... I would reccomend Untitled if you are an nw 15-30, Bare Canvas if you are nc15-30, and if your skin tone is a bit darker, Bamboom is killer....check them out! You will be amazed....

Reply With Quote
The Following 6 Users Say Thank You to siren For This Useful Post:
Old 05-26-2005, 12:53 PM   #29 (permalink)
Specktra Senior
Contributing Member
 
jeanna's Avatar
 
Join Date: Mar 2005
Location: Canada
iTrader: (0)
jeanna wants you to show them some love!jeanna wants you to show them some love!jeanna wants you to show them some love!jeanna wants you to show them some love!jeanna wants you to show them some love!jeanna wants you to show them some love!jeanna wants you to show them some love!jeanna wants you to show them some love!jeanna wants you to show them some love!jeanna wants you to show them some love!
Thanks: 9
Thanked 392 Times in 42 Posts


 
for me, it's more of a refresher so makeup doesn't look so powdery. i tried fix + and it worked GREAT for the first few days, but after a while i started to break out so i found clinique's moisture surge face spray and it does the same thing but it doesn't make me break out. it makes foundation look smooth and dewy... creamy almost.

__________________


Reply With Quote
Old 05-26-2005, 03:39 PM   #30 (permalink)
Specktra Senior
Valued Member
 
Sushi_Flower's Avatar
 
Join Date: May 2005
iTrader: (0)
Sushi_Flower has disabled reputation
Thanks: 0
Thanked 217 Times in 169 Posts


 
I went to Mac today for a proper browse and bought 2 things. I tried the Fix and it's hard to see properly in the lights there but it felt great and i think it did make my foundation/powder look better. I think i will buy this soon.
Would still like to hear more opinions though.

Reply With Quote
Old 05-26-2005, 04:33 PM   #31 (permalink)
Specktra Cadette
Member
 
MACForME's Avatar
 
Join Date: May 2005
Location: New Jersey
My Mood:
iTrader: (2)
MACForME has disabled reputation
Thanks: 116
Thanked 246 Times in 100 Posts


 
I like it
I use Fix+ every day. For some reason, i dont get that oil slick at the end of the day any my makeup does look like it stays on better. Plus it makes my skin feel nice. I got this with a TryOn pac, and i will buy it again when this one runs out.

__________________
~*~Friends Don't Let Friends Wear Bad Cosmetics~*~
Get Thee to the MAC Counter!
`~Lauryn~***
AIM: EmtBeduc8r

Add me on Facebook (but mention SPECKTRA!
http://www.facebook.com/home.php#/pr...09&ref=profile
Reply With Quote
The Following User Says Thank You to MACForME For This Useful Post:
Old 07-30-2005, 07:28 PM   #32 (permalink)
Specktra Senior
Valued Member
 
Sushi_Flower's Avatar
 
Join Date: May 2005
iTrader: (0)
Sushi_Flower has disabled reputation
Thanks: 0
Thanked 217 Times in 169 Posts


 
Fix +
Who uses this? And how? And what results do you get from it?

I just bought this today after trying to get hold of it for months (it was always out of stock). It feels great whenever i've tried it at the counter and i know it's meant to take the powdery look off your face and bond your makeup. But this seems like a pretty versatile product so i'd like to hear about it from people.

Also i've got a feeling i'd like to use this is a proper moisturiser on my naked skin as i feel i need something quiet light and refreshing. The Mac MA told me it wouldn't be good as a moisturising and isn't moisturising at all but i read a thread a long time back where alot of people were praising it as a moisturiser itself. What do you guys think?

Also whyyyy can't they make it so it gives a fine mist? A Mac MA was asking me if i was crying once after i'd sprayed it on as it leaves droplets of it on your face before it's absorbed!

Reply With Quote
The Following 2 Users Say Thank You to Sushi_Flower For This Useful Post:
Old 07-30-2005, 08:00 PM   #33 (permalink)
24.24.1.630
Valued Member
 
Jessica's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jun 2004
Location: Austin
My Mood:
iTrader: (4)
Jessica has a spectacular aura aboutJessica has a spectacular aura aboutJessica has a spectacular aura about
Thanks: 0
Thanked 59 Times in 44 Posts


 
I spritz with two to three sprays about 10-12 inches from my face when I am finished applying everything but my lips. And I love the way that it makes the "I just finished putting on my makeup so my face is all powdery"look. IN terms of pre-MU, I haven't noticed much so I usually forgo applying before MU. HTH

__________________
|Jessica|
_______________________________________
"Sometimes that's a shocking thing because when you peel back the skin, sometimes you find that what you see is not always the person you originally hoped or thought you were." Trent Reznor
Reply With Quote
The Following 2 Users Say Thank You to Jessica For This Useful Post:
Old 07-30-2005, 10:07 PM   #34 (permalink)
Elenillor pella...
Member
 
eyeshadowfreak's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jun 2004
Location: Chicago, IL
iTrader: (0)
eyeshadowfreak wants you to show them some love!eyeshadowfreak wants you to show them some love!
Thanks: 0
Thanked 34 Times in 26 Posts


 
I use it right before I finish off my makeup with mascara and l/s or gloss.

I agree with Jessica - it takes away that powdery look.

Never tried it before.

__________________
- Shanna

...fair and cold, like a morning of pale spring...
Reply With Quote
Old 07-31-2005, 01:03 AM   #35 (permalink)
Specktra Cub
Member
 
Join Date: Jun 2005
iTrader: (1)
marshmallowfluffy has disabled reputation
Thanks: 0
Thanked 21 Times in 5 Posts


 
Most people use Fix + as a finishing touch for their makeup...to take away the powderiness, etc.

I usually do not recommend it as a subsitute for moisturizer as it is mainly spring water (along with some vitamins and minerals, and some skin-soothing ingredients) Water alone doesnt do that great of a job as a moisturizer....it needs something to help "deliver" it to the underlying skin tissues.

But what you can do is spray it on liberally BEFORE you put on a lightweight moisturizer. Don't let it sink in, though...apply the moisutrizer while the Fix+ is still quite damp. He humectants in the moisturizer will bind the water in the Fix+ to your skin and help your skin absorb it (rather than it evaprating away)...thus, giving your skin a nice little boost of moisture.

Another good use for Fix+ is a little mini-facial.
-Spritz skin liberally (get it good and wet) with Fix+
-Then put a few small dots of scrub mask or microfine refinisher on the forehead, noe, chin and cheeks.
-Take a cleansing Wipe and wrap it around your fingertips...and then gently use that to massage the scrub particles over the face.
- When finished scrubbing, spritz the Fix+ on again liberally (to act as a rinse), then take another cleansing wipe and wipe all the scrubby bits off your skin.
- Spritz a little more Fix+ on and follow with moisturizer.
Your skin will be really smooth and super hydrated...this always makes my skin feel really plump and soft.

HTH,
MMF~

__________________
You're just jealous because the voices talk to me.
Reply With Quote
The Following 12 Users Say Thank You to marshmallowfluffy For This Useful Post:
Old 07-31-2005, 02:13 AM   #36 (permalink)
Specktra Senior
Contributing Member
 
Miss_MAC's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jun 2005
Location: BAY AREA, CA
iTrader: (0)
Miss_MAC is on a distinguished roadMiss_MAC is on a distinguished roadMiss_MAC is on a distinguished roadMiss_MAC is on a distinguished road
Thanks: 0
Thanked 79 Times in 74 Posts


 
Quote:
Originally Posted by marshmallowfluffy
Most people use Fix + as a finishing touch for their makeup...to take away the powderiness, etc.

I usually do not recommend it as a subsitute for moisturizer as it is mainly spring water (along with some vitamins and minerals, and some skin-soothing ingredients) Water alone doesnt do that great of a job as a moisturizer....it needs something to help "deliver" it to the underlying skin tissues.

But what you can do is spray it on liberally BEFORE you put on a lightweight moisturizer. Don't let it sink in, though...apply the moisutrizer while the Fix+ is still quite damp. He humectants in the moisturizer will bind the water in the Fix+ to your skin and help your skin absorb it (rather than it evaprating away)...thus, giving your skin a nice little boost of moisture.

Another good use for Fix+ is a little mini-facial.
-Spritz skin liberally (get it good and wet) with Fix+
-Then put a few small dots of scrub mask or microfine refinisher on the forehead, noe, chin and cheeks.
-Take a cleansing Wipe and wrap it around your fingertips...and then gently use that to massage the scrub particles over the face.
- When finished scrubbing, spritz the Fix+ on again liberally (to act as a rinse), then take another cleansing wipe and wipe all the scrubby bits off your skin.
- Spritz a little more Fix+ on and follow with moisturizer.
Your skin will be really smooth and super hydrated...this always makes my skin feel really plump and soft.

HTH,
MMF~

OOOOO i have to try this!!

__________________
"Life's hard enough without a beauty contest"-Kevyn Aucoin

Soon to be MAC M.A. hehe
Reply With Quote
Old 07-31-2005, 02:07 PM   #37 (permalink)
Specktra Cub
Member
 
Join Date: Jul 2005
Location: Singapore
iTrader: (0)
kissacid has disabled reputation
Thanks: 0
Thanked 6 Times in 7 Posts


 
I use my Fix as a softening spritz onto faces to ready them for foundation application. I then spray some onto the MAC foundation brush before picking up the foundation(regardless if it's cream or liquid). These 2 things makes application a dream, helps to blend and sheer everything out naturally with a 'real skin' finish.

I've tried the same thing with different toners/mists but nothing quite worked the same way.

__________________
enough about me, let's talk about you for a minute.
enough about you, let's talk about life for a while.
-AM
Reply With Quote
The Following User Says Thank You to kissacid For This Useful Post:
Old 08-21-2005, 02:40 AM   #38 (permalink)
Specktra Cub
Member
 
Join Date: Aug 2005
Location: Los Angeles
iTrader: (0)
Insomiac wants you to show them some love!
Thanks: 0
Thanked 5 Times in 5 Posts


 
Fix+ Question
Girls and boys I need your help! If I spray Fix+ before applying make-up, should I apply moisturizer still? I have combination skin already and I'd hate it if I over-moisturize..I don't want to look like a sweating pig!

__________________
M.A.C: All Races, All Sexes, All Ages

"Today I see beauty everywhere I go, in every face I see, in every single soul, and sometimes even in myself."
-Kevyn Aucoin
Reply With Quote
Old 08-21-2005, 02:41 AM   #39 (permalink)
MAC Artist
Contributing Member
 
SonRisa's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jun 2004
Location: San Francisco
My Mood:
iTrader: (7)
SonRisa has disabled reputation
Thanks: 8
Thanked 694 Times in 67 Posts


 
yes! Moisturize

__________________
My soul is in my smile . . .
Reply With Quote
Old 08-21-2005, 07:15 PM   #40 (permalink)
Specktra Senior
Valued Member
 
PrettyKitty's Avatar
 
Join Date: Nov 2004
Location: Canada
My Mood:
iTrader: (3)
PrettyKitty has a reputation beyond reputePrettyKitty has a reputation beyond reputePrettyKitty has a reputation beyond reputePrettyKitty has a reputation beyond reputePrettyKitty has a reputation beyond reputePrettyKitty has a reputation beyond reputePrettyKitty has a reputation beyond reputePrettyKitty has a reputation beyond reputePrettyKitty has a reputation beyond reputePrettyKitty has a reputation beyond reputePrettyKitty has a reputation beyond repute
Thanks: 161
Thanked 1,047 Times in 158 Posts


 
It's a very light moisturizer, so even if you have combo skin, it could be too light.

I would use Fix + alone only if I have very oily skin.

I use mine after I apply the makeup, for a dewy finish.

Reply With Quote
Old 08-21-2005, 09:01 PM   #41 (permalink)
It's Liason to you bitch!
Valued Member
 
Jude's Avatar
 
Join Date: May 2005
Location: Long Island, NY
iTrader: (8)
Jude is on a distinguished roadJude is on a distinguished roadJude is on a distinguished roadJude is on a distinguished roadJude is on a distinguished roadJude is on a distinguished road
Thanks: 0
Thanked 134 Times in 103 Posts


 
In the summer, I use Fix + alone and skip the moisturizer but I have oily skin. In the winter, I would not recommend slipping the moisturizer. I also use it to set my makeup and keep a bottle in my bag so if I have to re-powder later on, I cand spritz for the dewey finish.

Reply With Quote
Old 09-04-2005, 11:17 PM   #42 (permalink)
Specktra Senior
Addicted
 
caffn8me's Avatar
 
Join Date: Sep 2005
Location: London & Oxford, UK
My Mood:
iTrader: (0)
caffn8me has a reputation beyond reputecaffn8me has a reputation beyond reputecaffn8me has a reputation beyond reputecaffn8me has a reputation beyond reputecaffn8me has a reputation beyond reputecaffn8me has a reputation beyond reputecaffn8me has a reputation beyond reputecaffn8me has a reputation beyond reputecaffn8me has a reputation beyond reputecaffn8me has a reputation beyond reputecaffn8me has a reputation beyond repute
Thanks: 1,001
Thanked 2,291 Times in 798 Posts


 
Another suggested use is as a mixing medium. Spray some into a small container (you can use the cap cover it comes with), dip your #266 brush in it and then you can use any eyeshadow or pigment as a liner.

__________________
Sarah - Flying M·A·Caholic
Reply With Quote
Old 01-01-2006, 10:22 PM   #43 (permalink)
Specktra Senior
Contributing Member
 
mel0622's Avatar
 
Join Date: Sep 2005
Location: Las Vegas, NV
My Mood:
iTrader: (0)
mel0622 wants you to show them some love!mel0622 wants you to show them some love!mel0622 wants you to show them some love!mel0622 wants you to show them some love!
Thanks: 17
Thanked 78 Times in 64 Posts


 
fix+
does anyone know whats in it? it kinda smells like hair spray. lol.

__________________
"Elegance doesn't mean being noticed, it means being remembered." -Giorgio Armani

http://www.myspace.com/7046107
Reply With Quote
Old 01-01-2006, 10:31 PM   #44 (permalink)
P4X-639
Valued Member
 
Isis's Avatar
 
Join Date: Oct 2005
Location: Baltimore
My Mood:
iTrader: (1)
Isis wants you to show them some love!Isis wants you to show them some love!Isis wants you to show them some love!Isis wants you to show them some love!Isis wants you to show them some love!Isis wants you to show them some love!Isis wants you to show them some love!Isis wants you to show them some love!Isis wants you to show them some love!
Thanks: 2
Thanked 237 Times in 222 Posts


 
Found this in the Product Safety forum, contributed by the fabulous Ms. VuittonVictim.

Fix+:
Spring Water (Aqua), Glycerin, Butylene Glycol, Cucumis Sativus (Cucumber) Fruit Extract, Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Extract, Camellia Sinensis Leaf Extract, Tocopheryl Acetate, Caffeine, Panthenol, Arginine, PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil, PPG-26-Butheth-26, Fragrance (Parfum), Disodium EDTA, Phenoxyethanol, Methylparaben

__________________
Rule #1 ~ Be a living work of art.
Reply With Quote
Old 01-01-2006, 10:34 PM   #45 (permalink)
Specktra Senior
Contributing Member
 
mel0622's Avatar
 
Join Date: Sep 2005
Location: Las Vegas, NV
My Mood:
iTrader: (0)
mel0622 wants you to show them some love!mel0622 wants you to show them some love!mel0622 wants you to show them some love!mel0622 wants you to show them some love!
Thanks: 17
Thanked 78 Times in 64 Posts


 
oh thanks!! i wonder which one makes it smell like hair spray. lol.

__________________
"Elegance doesn't mean being noticed, it means being remembered." -Giorgio Armani

http://www.myspace.com/7046107
Reply With Quote
Old 01-01-2006, 10:39 PM   #46 (permalink)
P4X-639
Valued Member
 
Isis's Avatar
 
Join Date: Oct 2005
Location: Baltimore
My Mood:
iTrader: (1)
Isis wants you to show them some love!Isis wants you to show them some love!Isis wants you to show them some love!Isis wants you to show them some love!Isis wants you to show them some love!Isis wants you to show them some love!Isis wants you to show them some love!Isis wants you to show them some love!Isis wants you to show them some love!
Thanks: 2
Thanked 237 Times in 222 Posts


 
Maybe it really is hairspray!
I have no idea LOL I'd guess the fixative agents??
I've never used it.

__________________
Rule #1 ~ Be a living work of art.
Last edited by Isis : 01-01-2006 at 11:10 PM.
Reply With Quote
Old 01-01-2006, 10:56 PM   #47 (permalink)
Specktra Senior
Contributing Member
 
asnbrb's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jul 2005
Location: aiea, hawaii
My Mood:
iTrader: (19)
asnbrb wants you to show them some love!asnbrb wants you to show them some love!asnbrb wants you to show them some love!asnbrb wants you to show them some love!asnbrb wants you to show them some love!asnbrb wants you to show them some love!asnbrb wants you to show them some love!
Thanks: 67
Thanked 185 Times in 98 Posts


 
it doesn't feel like hairspray (stiff and stuck on your face). there's probably just a smidgen of that fixative agent.

Reply With Quote
Old 01-01-2006, 11:00 PM   #48 (permalink)
Tasche Mädchen
Valued Member
 
martygreene's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jul 2004
Location: Pittsburgh PA
iTrader: (1)
martygreene has a reputation beyond reputemartygreene has a reputation beyond reputemartygreene has a reputation beyond reputemartygreene has a reputation beyond reputemartygreene has a reputation beyond reputemartygreene has a reputation beyond reputemartygreene has a reputation beyond reputemartygreene has a reputation beyond reputemartygreene has a reputation beyond reputemartygreene has a reputation beyond reputemartygreene has a reputation beyond repute
Thanks: 8
Thanked 1,879 Times in 372 Posts


 
there actually aren't any fixative agents in fix+, as it isn't really a makeup fixative, as much as a spray form skin hydrator.

It's most likely the combination of extracts and perfume that make it smell hair-spray like.

__________________
J'aurais voulu ne pas mourir, j'aurais voulu ne jamais grandir, j'aurais voulu me casser l'ame.

Specktra.net FAQ Forum: http://specktra.net/forumdisplay.php?f=190
Specktra Industry Discussion Forum: http://specktra.net/forumdisplay.php?f=194
Reply With Quote
Old 01-02-2006, 08:53 AM   #49 (permalink)
Specktra Senior
Contributing Member
 
sigwing's Avatar
 
Join Date: Jun 2005
Location: Kansas
My Mood:
iTrader: (2)
sigwing is a name known to allsigwing is a name known to allsigwing is a name known to allsigwing is a name known to allsigwing is a name known to allsigwing is a name known to all
Thanks: 85
Thanked 143 Times in 100 Posts


 
Quote:
Originally Posted by mel0622
oh thanks!! i wonder which one makes it smell like hair spray. lol.
Probably these: Butylene Glycol & Tocopheryl Acetate

I was wondering this very same thing, what's in it?, just this morning! I wondered about using plain saline solution, the spray, to spray applicators with for damp application of eyeshadows. It'd be really simple to keep a small bottle of it on the dresser, cheap to buy, and I don't need the fixative really when I use a good base or primer anyway.

Years ago (and I mean like 25 or so) I remember a local magazine in Wichita, KS having beauty tips from the locally popular salons & one woman gave the suggestion that after applying all your makeup, spray a fine mist of hairspray on your face to set it! I can't imagine pointing a can of Aqua Net at my face & blasting it to glue my face for the day! (This was also back in the day there was not the selection of hairsprays like now, altho you wouldn't do that with ANY of them!) Can you imagine someone kissing you on the cheek & wondering "WHAT is wrong with her skin???!!??"

Reply With Quote
Old 01-02-2006, 09:06 AM   #50 (permalink)
Specktra Senior
Contributing Member
 
Alexa's Avatar
 
Join Date: Aug 2004
Location: Illinois
My Mood:
iTrader: (3)
Alexa has a reputation beyond reputeAlexa has a reputation beyond reputeAlexa has a reputation beyond reputeAlexa has a reputation beyond reputeAlexa has a reputation beyond reputeAlexa has a reputation beyond reputeAlexa has a reputation beyond reputeAlexa has a reputation beyond reputeAlexa has a reputation beyond reputeAlexa has a reputation beyond reputeAlexa has a reputation beyond repute
Thanks: 29
Thanked 703 Times in 116 Posts


 
i loooove how it smells. mmmmm *goes off to spray my fix+*

Reply With Quote
Reply


Thread Tools
Display Modes

Posting Rules
You may not post new threads
You may not post replies
You may not post attachments
You may not edit your posts

vB code is On
Smilies are On
[IMG] code is On
HTML code is Off
Trackbacks are Off
Pingbacks are Off
Refbacks are On

Similar Threads
Thread Thread Starter Forum Replies Last Post
Drugstore MAC dupe list: Lips Mizz.Coppertone Drugstore Lines 30 11-16-2009 08:36 AM
Tutorial Contest Winner May 2009: Basic smokey eyes tutorial Purity Makeup Tutorials 28 06-09-2009 02:10 AM
lip combos GLAMORandGORE Recommendations 1 03-27-2009 08:54 AM


Powered by vBulletin® Version 3.6.7
Copyright ©2000 - 2009, Jelsoft Enterprises Ltd.